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71.
Genetic analysis of important antioxidant compounds in cabbage (Brassiaca oleracea var. capitata L.)
Chander Parkash Sandeep Kumar Nisha Thakur Satish Kumar S. S. Dey Reeta Bhatia 《Journal of Crop Improvement》2017,31(3):418-437
The paucity of research on development of antioxidant-rich hybrids in cabbage by utilizing combining ability estimates, gene action, and heterosis motivated us to undertake this study. We made 60 crosses between 5 cytoplasmic male-sterile lines and 12 male-fertile testers during the summer of 2015, as per the line × tester design. The seedlings of all the parents and 60 F1 crosses, along with three checks, were transplanted during the Rabi (winter) season of 2015–2016 and evaluated using a randomized complete-block design. Combining ability, gene action, and heterosis were determined for different antioxidant compounds. Experimental results revealed that the range of cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) [parents = 1.26–7.33 and hybrids = 0.04–6.54 μmol trolox/g], ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) [parents = 1.65–4.76 and hybrids = 0.16–4.67 μmol trolox/g], β-carotene (parents = 0.44–2.29 and hybrids = 0.04–1.89 μg/100 g), and chlorophyll-a (parents = 0.71–4.08 and hybrids = 0.19–3.08 mg/g f.w.) for hybrids was lower than that of the parents because of outbreeding depression. The parental lines 6A, 208A, 83-5-8, and Sel-5-83-6 were found to be good general combiners for most of the antioxidant compounds studied. Based on the mean performance, specific combining ability effects and heterosis, five hybrid combinations viz., 9A × KIRC-8 for CUPRAC and FRAP; 208A × C-122 for ascorbic acid; 6A × Chhaki-2 for total carotenoids and β-carotene; 831A × Chhaki-2 for chlorophyll-a; and 6A × 83-5-8 for chlorophyll-b and total chlorophyll content, were most promising. The ratio of general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) variances, i.e., [2 σ2g/(2σ2g + σ2s)], which reflects the relative importance of GCA versus SCA, was less than unity for different antioxidant compounds, which implied that for these traits, nonadditive gene effects were more important than additive effects. The numerical values of range for contribution of lines × testers interaction for different traits (41.47–70.18%) were found to be higher than the individual contribution of lines (11.24–47.22%) and testers (8.31–21.76%). Hence, heterosis could be exploited for developing antioxidant-rich hybrid cabbage. 相似文献
72.
De U. K. Chander V. Akhilesh Mahajan S. Sharma G. K. Nandi Sukdeb Singh K. P. Gupta V. K. 《Tropical animal health and production》2020,52(6):2997-3003
Tropical Animal Health and Production - Camel pox (CMLP), a contagious viral disease of camels, causes considerable economic loss in terms of milk, meat, wool, and leather production besides... 相似文献
73.
Tejwanti Yadav Ankit Magotra Ramesh Kumar Yogesh C. Bangar Asha Rani Garg Sunil Kumar Vikram Jeet Baljit S. Malik 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2020,55(12):1698-1705
The present study was conducted on Hardhenu cattle to screen genomic region of leptin gene with an objective to find the association of genotypes with fertility and production traits. The association analysis with traits under study was analysed by least squares analysis of variance by taking SNPs genotype as fixed effects in the statistical model. The genotypic frequencies with respect to targeted loci g.92450765 G > A indicated that AG (0.54) genotype was highest in Hardhenu cattle. Chi-squared tests showed that g.92450765G > A SNP meet with the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (p > .05).The association analysis revealed significant association of genotypes with total milk yield (TMY) and 305 days milk yield (MY) (p < .05). Service period (SP) and calving interval (CI) were also found significantly associated with genotypes (p < .05). Whereas, lactation length (LL), dry days (DD) and age at first calving (AFC) did not divulge any significant association with genotype. The AG and GG genotypes were associated with higher milk yields as compared to AA genotype, indicating that allele G was associated with superior milk performance. However, AA genotyped cattle found to be favourable with SP, CI and artificial insemination (AI) per conception compared to AG and GG genotyped cows. Chi-square analysis revealed that genetic variants of g.92450765 G > A SNP of leptin gene differ significantly with regard to reproductive disorders incidence (p < .05). The frequency of GG genotype (88.89%) in the affected animal group was very high followed by AG. The animals with GG genotype were found to be more susceptible to reproductive disorders as suggested by the higher odd ratio value (16.00) in logistic model. These observations and their differential association with the fertility and production traits can be utilized as an aid to selection for genetic improvement of antagonistic traits in dairy cows. 相似文献
74.
Chaudhari Ganesh V. Hedau Nirmal K. Ram Hanuman Khade Yogesh P. Kant Lakshmi Khar Anil 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2022,69(8):2645-2660
Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution - ‘Garlic’ (Allium sativum L.) is the second most important cultivated Allium known throughout the world. It is known for its versatile use as a... 相似文献
75.
Organic matter, microbial biomass and enzyme activity of soils under different crop rotations in the tropics 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
Soil organic matter level, soil microbial biomass C, ninhydrin-N, C mineralization, and dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase
activity were studied in soils under different crop rotations for 6 years. Inclusion of a green manure crop of Sesbania aculeata in the rotation improved soil organic matter status and led to an increase in soil microbial biomass, soil enzyme activity
and soil respiratory activity. Microbial biomass C increased from 192 mg kg–1 soil in a pearl millet-wheat-fallow rotation to 256 mg kg–1 soil in a pearl millet-wheat-green manure rotation. Inclusion of an oilseed crop such as sunflower or mustard led to a decrease
in soil microbial biomass, C mineralization and soil enzyme activity. There was a good correlation between microbial biomass
C, ninhydrin-N and dehydrogenase activity. The alkaline phosphatase activity of the soil under different crop rotations was
little affected. The results indicate the green manuring improved the organic matter status of the soil and soil microbial
activity vital for the nutrient turnover and long-term productivity of the soil.
Received: 7 January 1996 相似文献
76.
In October 2009, vein yellowing disease was observed on the weeds Crassocephalum crepidioides and Ageratum conyzoides in a subtemperate region in northern India. Ageratum enation virus (AEV), along with a nanovirus like satellite DNA 1, was found to be associated with both weeds. The isolates had 99% identity
with each other and with an isolate of AEV reported from Zinnia elegans from this region. To the best of our knowledge, this report is the first of any begomovirus infection in C. crepidioides in India and the first on AEV infecting C. crepidioides worldwide and A. conyzoides in India. 相似文献
77.
S. Vijayakumar Nancy E. Everds P. Kalaiselvan R.K. Shakthidevan Yogesh Kumar V. Murkunde Monique Y. Wells 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2009,38(4):493-500
Background: The Ascensia ENTRUST blood glucose meter is intended for self‐monitoring of blood glucose by diabetic patients. Use of such a glucometer would minimize blood volume requirements for the measurement of glucose in small laboratory animals. Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the performance of the Ascensia ENTRUST for measuring glucose in whole blood from Wistar rats by evaluating the effect of anticoagulant and sample processing delay and comparing normalized results with plasma glucose concentration. Methods: Blood samples were collected from the retroorbital sinus of 30 male Wistar rats with a wide range of blood glucose concentrations. Glucose concentration was measured with the Ascensia ENTRUST in nonheparinized (NH) and heparinized samples immediately after collection (Hep‐0) and in heparinized samples after a 15 min delay at 23–28°C (Hep‐15). Heparinized samples were centrifuged and glucose concentration was determined in plasma using an automated chemistry analyzer. Results were compared to assess the effect of anticoagulant (NH vs Hep‐0) and time (Hep 0 vs Hep 15), and to compare normalized Hep‐15 results with plasma glucose concentration. Results: Glucose concentration was not significantly different between NH and Hep‐0 samples. Glucose concentration was lower in Hep‐15 (77±36.9 mg/dL) than Hep‐0 (88±39.7 mg/dL) samples, but the difference was not significant. With normalization, Hep‐15 glucose concentration correlated well (r≥.98) with plasma glucose concentration but was lower by 6.0±16.7 mg/dL, with a positive bias at low glucose concentrations and a negative bias at high concentrations. Conclusion: The Ascensia ENTRUST may be adequate for repeated blood glucose measurements in rats, but its results do not accurately predict plasma glucose concentrations measured by an automated clinical chemistry analyzer. 相似文献
78.
Girish Chander Suhas P. Wani K.L. Sahrawat C. Rajesh 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(3):285-298
In view of widespread deficiencies, a long-term experiment was started at the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, India in 2007 to identify economically efficient application strategy (full or 50% dose every or every second year) of sulphur (S) (30 kg ha?1), boron (B) (0.5 kg ha?1) and zinc (Zn) (10 kg ha?1). During the fourth year in 2010, balanced fertilization through adding S, B and Zn increased maize grain yield by 13–52% and soybean yield by 16–28% compared to nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilization alone. Balanced nutrition increased N and P uptake, utilization and use efficiency for grain yield and harvest index indicating improved grain nutritional quality. The N, P plus 50% of S, B and Zn application every year recorded highest crop yields and N and P efficiencies indices and increased rainwater use efficiency with a benefit:cost ratio of 11.9 for maize and 4.14 for soybean. This study showed the importance of a deficient secondary nutrient S and micronutrients B, Zn in improving N and P use efficiency while enhancing economic food production. 相似文献
79.
Sandeep Sharma Girish Chander T. S. Verma Sudhir Verma 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(12):1809-1820
A long-term field experiment with rice-wheat cropping was started in the wet season of 1988 with four levels of lantana (Lantana camara L.) (0, 10, 20, and 30 Mg ha?1 on fresh weight basis) and three tillage practices (No puddling, puddling, and soil compaction). From wet season of 1997, however, three tillage practices were replaced with three levels of nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) to rice (33, 66, and 100% of recommended) and 66% of recommended N, phosphorus (P), and K to wheat. Phosphorus was totally omitted for the rice crop. The recommended N and K for rice was 90 and 40 kg ha?1, whereas the recommendations for N, P, and K for wheat were 120, 90 and 30 kg ha?1. Organic amendments are known to improve soil productivity under rice-wheat cropping by improving physical conditions and nutrient status of the soil, but their availability is restricted. There is a need to identify locally available and cost-effective organic materials that have minimal alternate uses as fodder and fuel. We evaluated Lantana camara L. residues, a fast-growing weed in nearby wastelands, as a potential soil organic amendment. Among the different fractions of K, nonexchangeable K was dominant followed by exchangeable and water soluble K. The incorporation of lantana (10 to 30 Mg ha?1) over the last 12 years has resulted in a significant build-up of all the K fractions, the maximum being in water-soluble K (10 to 32%) followed by exchangeable K (18 to 27%) and least in nonexchangeable K (5 to 7%) over no lantana incorporation. The increasing levels of these two inputs significantly and consistently increased ammonium acetate (NH4OAc)- extracted K (available K) content in soil and also resulted in significantly higher accumulation of K by the crops during the years of experimentation. Among different K fractions, exchangeable K was observed to be the most important K fraction contributing towards wheat and rice yields as well as K accumulation by wheat and rice. Stepwise multiple regression equations indicated that exchangeable K was the most important variable contributing towards total variation in grain yield and K accumulation by wheat or rice. 相似文献
80.
Nazir A. Pala A. K. Negi Yogesh Gokhale Showkat Aziem K. K. Vikrant N. P. Todaria 《林业研究》2013,24(3):457-460
Carbon stock estimation was conducted in tree species of Sem Mukhem sacred forest in district Tehri of Garhwal Himalaya, Uttarakhand, India. This forest is dedicated to Nagraj Devta and is dominated by tree species, including Quercus floribunda, Quercus semecarpifolia and Rhododendron arboreum. The highest values of below ground biomass density, total biomass density and total carbon density were (34.81±1.68) Mg·ha?1, (168.26±9.04) Mg·ha?1 and (84.13±4.18) Mg·ha?1 for Pinus wallichiana. Overall values of total biomass density and total carbon density calculated were 1549.704 Mg·ha?1 and 774.77 Mg·ha?1 respectively. Total value of growing stock volume density for all species was 732.56 m3·ha?1 and ranged from (144.97±11.98) m3·ha?1 for Pinus wallichiana to (7.78±1.78) m3·ha?1 for Benthamidia capitata. 相似文献